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- FILE: AIRNAV.DOC
-
- AIR NAVIAGTION - FLIGHT PLANNING PROGRAM
-
- 1. INTRODUCTION
-
- The AIRNAV program is written to prepare a flight log for
- flight over a predetermined route of up to twenty points (for
- most light aircraft this provides waypoints close enough
- together, and enough waypoints for one leg without refueling.
- The log gives the geographic coordinates of the point, the
- distance between points, the true course, and the estimated time
- between points. It prints space on the log for entering actual
- time between points. All flight planning is done on the basis of
- one estimated speed for the entire series of legs. The effects of
- wind and changes of speed with changes of altitute are not taken
- into consideration in this program.
-
- The effect of wind and altitude need to be considered in the
- intial selection of an estimated groundspeed but since they
- change substantially over any single 300 to 400 mile trip segment
- the pilot will have to make these revisions manually. An
- additional program module could be added to compute effect over
- the planned flight segement.
-
- Waypoint data is contained in a separate sequential file which is
- loaded into memory at the start of the program. For flight
- planning in various regions, such as the Pacfic Northwest and
- Alaska, the complete file of data for the United States can be
- broken down into regions, enabling the program to run faster.
-
- 2. PROGRAM STRUCTURE
-
- The program is arranged in four modules. These are:
-
- Calculate flight
- Calculate intermediate points
- Edit waypoint lists
- Load new file
-
- a. The flight cacluation prompts for load of a waypoint data
- file and for input of the starting waypoint and up to 19
- additional waypoints. Each waypoint is in the file in a string
- 39 characters long which inlcude eight letters for the name
- (additional letters are chopped off on input), four letters as
- the aviation "identifier", the lattitude and longitude (which can
- be plus or minus for north and south lattitude, and east and west
- longitude to make the program work world wide. The program
- calcualtes the course and distance between each set of waypoints
- by spherical trigonometry and computes the estimated time between
- points based on the estimated groundspeed. Output is in the form
- of a flight log. Courses are given as true but the deviation for
- each waypoint is printed out so the pilot can make the mental
- calculation.
-
- b. Calculate Points - This module will calculate the great
- circle course and distance between any two given points. It will
- calculates the geographic coordinate of points at equal distances
- along a great circle route, and will also calculate the longitude
- and distance from the start at which the great circle course
- intercepts any given lattitude, or the lattitude and distance
- from the start at which it intercepts any given longitude.
-
- c. The edit module will add to, change, or list the points
- in the waypoint file
-
- d. The new file module will load a new waypoint file into memory.
-
-
- 3. DATA FILES
-
- Data files consist of 39 characters. The program was
- originally wiritten for the Actrix computer which would hold only
- 500 waypoints in string space, so files of waypoints were set up
- on a regional geographic basis.
-
- Data files can be written modified and rearranged using any
- text editor, or can be compiled and sorted from a data base.
- Alternatively there is a uility program "SORTED.BAS" for use in
- building and sorting waypoint files. It uses the Shell-Metz sort
- procedure but still runs slowly. This is the format for the
- waypoint string.
-
- "SAMPLE FORMAT FOR WAYPOINT ENTRY"
- "LOPEZISL S31- 048-29.2 0122-56.3 -21 WA"
- "________ ____ ________ _________ ___ __"
-
- The first item is eight characters containing the name of the
- waypoint. For simplicity spaces and periods in the waypoints are
- eliminated and names run together. Also, prefaces such as "Fort"
- and "Saint" are abbreviated FT and ST without the period. When
- entering the names of waypoints you can enter the full name (more
- than eight characters. The input routine will chop off all but
- the first eight.
-
- The second item is the aviation "identifier" - four characters.
- As a convention of this program intersections are writen with the
- first three letters of the intersection name followed by an "I"
- as the fourth letter.
-
- The magnetic variation is given so it can be printed out on the
- flight plan and the two letter abbreviation for the state,
- province, our country is the last item.
-
- 4. CALCULATE FLIGHT
-
- a. Load basic, load "AIRNAV-B.BAS" and run
-
- b. You can select the "Load file" option first, then read
- through the list of waypoints with the "Edit" option for
- familiarization, or go directly to the "Calculate Flight" module.
-
- c. Enter up to twenty waypoints in succession. As the
- waypoints are entered they are listed in sequence so you you
- where you are. You can start over by typing "START". If you
- don't remember what waypoints are on the list you can type
- "LIST". The program will switch to the "Edit List" module so you
- can see if your selected waypoint is on the list, or enter it if
- it isn't. When you have entered all the waypoints enter "Done".
- You will then be prompted for the estimated groundspeed. When
- this is entered the program will commence retrieving the
- waypoints from memory and calculating the program.
-
- d. If the waypoint you have entered does not exist you will
- be promted to re-enter another waypoint, or a different spelling.
- At this point you can again go back and look at the list to
- check to spelling, or to add another waypoint.
-
- e. When calculations are complete for each leg the computer
- will print out the flight log. At the conclusion of the printing
- it will as if you want to add another leg. You can input
- additional legs, one at a time.
-
- 5. CALCULATE INTERMEDIATE POINTS
-
- In this portion of the program you select the starting and
- ending points, and a leg distance. The program will calculate
- the geographic coordinates of the points at the end of each leg
- segement. You can also compute the lattitude at which the course
- intercepts any given longitude, or the longitude at which it
- intercepts any given degree of latittude.
-
-
- estimated groundspeed. When
- this i